Assorted Oscar (3-3.5in.)

The Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus) is a popular and charismatic cichlid species that is native to South America. Here's some information about the care of Oscars:

Species: Oscar (Astronotus ocellatus)

Tank Requirements:

1. Tank Size: Provide a tank with a minimum capacity of 75 gallons for a single Oscar. These fish can grow large, reaching up to 12-16 inches in length, and they require ample space to swim.

2. Water Temperature: Maintain a temperature between 74-81°F (23-27°C).

3. Water Parameters: Aim for a pH level of 6.5-7.5 and a hardness of 5-20 dGH.

4. Filtration: Install a powerful filtration system to maintain water quality and provide efficient water circulation.

5. Substrate and Decor: Use a soft substrate like sand or small gravel. Oscars appreciate having hiding spots and areas to explore, so provide them with rocks, driftwood, and plants (live or artificial) that are sturdy enough to withstand their activity.

Feeding:

1. Diet: Oscars are carnivorous and primarily eat meaty foods. Offer them a varied diet that includes high-quality pellets or flakes formulated for large cichlids, as well as frozen or live foods such as earthworms, bloodworms, brine shrimp, small fish, and other meaty items. Ensure the food is appropriately sized for their mouth.

2. Feeding Frequency: Feed Oscars once or twice a day, offering an amount they can consume within a few minutes. Adjust the quantity based on their appetite but avoid overfeeding.

Tankmates:

1. Compatibility: Oscars can be aggressive and territorial, especially as they mature. It's best to keep them either as a solitary fish or with large, robust tankmates that can hold their ground.

2. Suitable Tankmates: Good tankmates include other large and aggressive fish such as other cichlids of similar size and temperament. Avoid keeping them with small or timid fish that may be seen as prey.

Maintenance:

1. Water Changes: Perform regular partial water changes of 25-30% every 1-2 weeks to maintain water quality and remove accumulated toxins.

2. Water Testing: Regularly test water parameters, including ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, pH, and temperature, to ensure they remain within the appropriate range.

3. Cleaning: Routinely clean the tank by removing any excess waste, debris, and decaying plant matter. Clean the filter regularly to prevent clogging.